Fridrih Ebert bio je prvi predsednik Vajmarske republike od 1919. do 1925. godine. Zalagao se za izgradnju parlamentarne demokratije i smatrao se predsednikom svih Nemaca i vodio je politiku koja je imala za cilj socijalnu ravnotežu.
Ebert je rođen 4. februara 1871. godine u Hajdelbergu, a nakon osnovne škole izučio je zanat za sarača. Priključio se Socijaldemokratskoj partiji Nemačke (SPD) 1889. godine i postao je aktivan u Savezu sarača. Od 1891. godine živeo je u Bremenu gde je prvobitno radio u svom izučenom zanatu a posle kao gostioničar. 1893. godine dobio je stalno radno mesto kao urednik „Bremenskih građanskih novina“ („Bremer-Bürger-Zeitung“), lokalnom listu Socijaldemokratske partije Nemačke. Godinu dana kasnije izabran je za predsednika partije.
1905. godine Fridrih Ebert preselio se u Berlin gde je izabran u predsedništvo Socijaldemokratske partije Nemačke. Sa 34 godine bio je najmlađi član predsedništva stranke. 1912. godine Ebert je ušao u državni parlament. Socijaldemokratska partija Nemačke slavila je svoju do tada najveću izbornu pobedu i postala je najbrojnija frakcija parlamenta. Od 1913. godine kao predsednik Socijaldemokratske partije Nemačke, Ebert je tokom Prvog svetskog rata bezuspešno pokušavao da usaglasi partijske struje koje su bile sve više međusobno suprotstavljene zbog odobravanja ratnih kredita.
Nakon ukidanja monarhije Ebert nakratko, za vreme Novembarske revolucije 1918. godine, ponovo preuzima funkciju predsednika države. Uspeo je da spreči uspostavljanje sistema Sovjeta po ruskom uzoru i sproveo je formiranje demokratski izabrane Nacionalne skupštine. Time je jasno stao na stranu parlamentarizma – čak i pored otpora iz same Socijaldemokratske partije Nemačke – i omogućio je stvaranje slobodarsko-pluralističkog društvenog poretka.
Nakon njegove rane smrti 1925. godine osnovana je fondacija Fridrih Ebert. Njegovo političko nasleđe živi i danas.
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